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On Some German Loanwords in Czech Dialects as Reflected in the Dictionary of Dialects of the Czech Language
Čižmárová, Libuše
The Department of Dialectology of the AS CR, v.v.i., works on the electronic Dictionary of Czech Dialects at present. It is a long-term project, in the first five years supported by the Czech Science Foundation. So far the part of the lexical material A-C comprising approx. 7 000 entries has been processed. As it is a dialect dictionary, each entry collects all recorded morphological and phonological variants represented by a lemmatized headword. The material basis of the dictionary contains approx. 1.5 million dialect records assembled in the so called Archive of Folk Speech, a colection of excerpts from printed as well as handwritten local dialect dictionaries and monographs mainly from the half of 19th century to the end of the 20th century,\n The Czech dialect material contains many germanisms. Till 1945, 3 million of Germans lived in the area contemporary Czechia therefore many German words penetrated the Czech language, above all expressions from the thematic fields of craft, transport, army, agriculture, household. In Czech, the German words were adapted to a various extent and in various ways. The item deals with several lexical nests comprising the German loanwords, presents variants of individual lexemes in their adapted form and tries to explain the bases and processes of these adaptations.\n In the headword of each entry, the so called lemmatized form stands, i.e. the form close to the literary language. If the word is not a part of the literary language, a form as close as possible to the German base stands for the headword.\n In the article, the dialectisms borrowed from German are systemized into nests according to their formal characteristics. Samples of some so far edited entries follow.
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